Quantum Threat Timeline Research Report 2024

Published on
September 9, 2025
April 15, 2025
Authors
Dr. Michele Mosca
Dr. Michele Mosca
CEO & Co-founder
Dr. Marco Piani
Dr. Marco Piani
Senior Research Analyst

The development of cryptographically-relevant quantum computers (CRQCs) is progressing steadily, with growing implications for cybersecurity. Organizations must take note: mitigating the quantum threat requires a timely and well-planned transition to quantum-safe cryptography. This transition should be guided by each organization's specific data shelf life, system migration timelines, and risk tolerance.

Our 2024 Quantum Threat Timeline Report, developed in collaboration with the Global Risk Institute, reflects the insights of 32 global experts on the pace of quantum computing and its potential impact on cryptographic systems. This sixth annual edition highlights rapid progress in quantum computing and growing realization across industries and academia that the quantum threat may be closer than previously thought.

While effective quantum-safe cryptographic solutions are emerging, the transition to these systems is complex and must be approached strategically. This report highlights the importance of proactive cryptographic modernization to avoid rushed implementations and protect against long-term risks, including “Harvest Now, Decrypt Later” attacks. Those responsible for cyber-risk must act now to ensure resilience in a post-quantum world.

Quantum Threat Timeline Research Report 2024Quantum Threat Timeline Research Report 2024
Quantum Threat Timeline Research Report 2024
Quantum Threat Timeline Research Report 2022
Quantum Threat Timeline Research Report 2022
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Quantum Threat Timeline Research Report 2021
Quantum Threat Timeline Research Report 2021
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Quantum Threat Timeline Research Report 2020
Quantum Threat Timeline Research Report 2020
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Publications

Trustworthy knowledge, directly from our experts

Quantum Threat Timeline: Executive Perspectives on Barriers to Action

Quantum Threat Timeline: Executive Perspectives on Barriers to Action

John Mulholland, Sarah McCarthy, Global Risk Institute, July 2024
Quantum Threat Timeline Research Report 2023

Quantum Threat Timeline Research Report 2023

Dr. Michele Mosca, Dr. Marco Piani, Global Risk Institute, December 2023.
Quantum Random Number Generators Report

Quantum Random Number Generators Report

Dr. Marco Piani, Dr. Michele Mosca and Brian Neill, CISSP, 13 January 2021.